Journal: Molecules

Article Title: Subcritical Water Extract from Grape Pomace Protects Human Bronchial Epithelium Cells by Mitigating Oxidative Stress Through Nrf2 Pathway

doi: 10.3390/molecules31101736

Figure Lengend Snippet: SWE 160.1 treatment increased the antioxidant response. ( a ) Western blotting analysis of antioxidant factors (HO-1, SOD-2 and Nrf2) after 48 h of treatment with 75 and 100 µg GAE/mL SWE 160.1 in HBE cells. Protein levels were normalized to γ-tubulin. ( b ) qRT-PCR analysis of Nrf2, Keap1 and HO-1 mRNA levels after 24 h of treatment with 75 and 100 µg GAE/mL SWE 160.1 in HBE cells. Gene expression levels represent the relative mRNA expression compared to the untreated cells, normalized to GAPDH mRNA. ( c ) Western blotting of subcellular fractions of control and 48 h SWE 160.1 -treated cells incubated with pNrf2 (Ser40) antibody. Lamin A and GADPH antibodies marked as nuclei (N) and cytoplasmic (C) fractions, respectively. The images are representative of three different experiments. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01 vs. untreated control cells.

Article Snippet: The primers used were GAPDH (Proligo USA, Milan, Italy), Nrf2 ( HP209154 , OriGene Technologies, Inc., Rockville, MD, USA) and HO-1 ( HP205872 , OriGene Technologies, Inc., USA).

Techniques: Western Blot, Quantitative RT-PCR, Gene Expression, Expressing, Control, Incubation

Journal: Molecules

Article Title: Subcritical Water Extract from Grape Pomace Protects Human Bronchial Epithelium Cells by Mitigating Oxidative Stress Through Nrf2 Pathway

doi: 10.3390/molecules31101736

Figure Lengend Snippet: SWE 160.1 treatment overwhelmed LPS-induced HO-1-reduction. Western blotting analysis of HO-1 enzyme after 48 h of treatment with 2 µg/mL LPS alone or in combination with 100 µg GAE/mL SWE 160.1 . Protein levels were normalized to γ-tubulin. Densitometric analysis, performed using Quantity One software, (version 4.6.6), is shown in the histogram. The result is representative of two independent experiments, with values expressed as mean ± SD. ** p < 0.01 vs. untreated control cells.

Article Snippet: The primers used were GAPDH (Proligo USA, Milan, Italy), Nrf2 ( HP209154 , OriGene Technologies, Inc., Rockville, MD, USA) and HO-1 ( HP205872 , OriGene Technologies, Inc., USA).

Techniques: Western Blot, Software, Control

Journal: Cell Reports Medicine

Article Title: Macrophage-mimetic photothermal nanotherapeutics regulate mitochondrial homeostasis and inflammatory cascades in lung ischemia-reperfusion injury

doi: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2026.102768

Figure Lengend Snippet: Rg3@PACVs attenuate oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction in hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R)-injured lung epithelial cells (A) Reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels detected by flow cytometry using DCFH-DA probe. (B) Intracellular total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) activity. (C) Malondialdehyde (MDA) content. (D) Glutathione/oxidized glutathione (GSH/GSSG) ratio. (E) Immunofluorescence detection of nuclear-factor-erythroid-2-related factor 2 (NRF-2, green) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1, red). Nuclei counterstained with DAPI (blue). Scale bars, 100 μm. (F) Mitochondrial membrane potential assessed by JC-1 staining. (G) Super-resolution microscopy of mitochondrial ultrastructure (red) in epithelial cells. Lower panel shows magnified views (∗ represents damaged mitochondria, Scale bars, 5 μm). (H–L) Mitochondrial respiration in BEAS-2B cells under different stimulation conditions was assessed by measuring the oxygen consumption rate (OCR) using a Seahorse XF96 analyzer (H). Key parameters including basal respiration (I), maximal respiration (J), proton leak (K), and ATP production (L) were calculated. Data are presented as the mean ± SD and analyzed using one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post hoc test ( ∗ p < 0.05, ∗∗ p < 0.01, ∗∗∗ p < 0.001 vs. control; # p < 0.05, ## p < 0.01, ### p < 0.001 vs. H/R; & p < 0.05, && p < 0.01, &&& p < 0.001 vs. H/R + Rg3@PACVs; n = 4 biological replicates).

Article Snippet: Anti-Heme Oxygenase 1 Rabbit pAb , Servicebio , Cat# GB115713.

Techniques: Flow Cytometry, Activity Assay, Immunofluorescence, Membrane, Staining, Super-Resolution Microscopy, Control

Journal: Oncology Reports

Article Title: Andrographis exerts antitumor effects and enhances 5-FU efficacy via the alteration of ferroptosis-related genes in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

doi: 10.3892/or.2026.9104

Figure Lengend Snippet: Altered mRNA and protein expression levels of the ferroptosis-associated targets HMOX1, GCLC and GCLM after 5-FU, Andrographis, and combination treatment in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cells. (A) Changes in mRNA expression (HMOX1, GCLC and GCLM) after 5-FU, Andrographis and combination treatment in KYSE410 and TE1 cells. *P<0.05, **P<0.01, ***P<0.001 and ****P<0.0001 by one-way ANOVA with Tukey's post hoc test. (B) Representative images of western blotting assay of KYSE410 and TE1 cells treated as indicated. β-actin was used as the loading control. HMOX1, heme oxygenase-1; GCLC, glutamate-cysteine ligase catalytic; GCLM, glutamate-cysteine ligase modifier; 5-FU, 5-fluorouracil.

Article Snippet: The membranes were then exposed to the indicated primary antibodies for 60 min at room temperature. mouse monoclonal anti HMOX1 (1:1,000; cat. no. sc-136960), mouse monoclonal anti-γ-GCLC (1:2,000; cat. no. sc-390811) and mouse monoclonal anti-γ-GCLM (1:5,000; cat. no. sc-55586; all from Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Inc.).

Techniques: Expressing, Western Blot, Control